package com.yutian.java;


public class SystemGCTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new SystemGCTest();
        System.gc();//提醒jvm的垃圾回收器执行gc,但是不确定是否马上执行gc

    }

    @Override
    protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
        super.finalize();
        System.out.println("SystemGCTest 重写了finalize()");
    }
}

运行

package com.yutian.java;

public class LocalVarGC {
    public void localvarGC1() {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[10 * 1024 * 1024];//10MB
        System.gc();
    }

    public void localvarGC2() {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[10 * 1024 * 1024];
        buffer = null;
        System.gc();
    }

    public void localvarGC3() {
        {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[10 * 1024 * 1024];
        }
        System.gc();
    }

    public void localvarGC4() {
        {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[10 * 1024 * 1024];
        }
        int value = 10;
        System.gc();
    }

    public void localvarGC5() {
        localvarGC1();
        System.gc();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        LocalVarGC local = new LocalVarGC();
        local.localvarGC1();
    }
}

将以下加入VM option

-XX:+PrintGCDetails

运行第一个

public static void main(String[] args) {
    LocalVarGC local = new LocalVarGC();
    local.localvarGC1();
}

没有被回收，放进了老年代

查看localvarGC3()的局部变量表，只有一个this

package com.yutian.java;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


public class StopTheWorldDemo {
    public static class WorkThread extends Thread {
        List<byte[]> list = new ArrayList<byte[]>();

        public void run() {
            try {
                while (true) {
                    for(int i = 0;i < 1000;i++){
                        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                        list.add(buffer);
                    }

                    if(list.size() > 10000){
                        list.clear();
                        System.gc();//会触发full gc，进而会出现STW事件
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public static class PrintThread extends Thread {
        public final long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        public void run() {
            try {
                while (true) {
                    // 每秒打印时间信息
                    long t = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
                    System.out.println(t / 1000 + "." + t % 1000);
                    Thread.sleep(1000);
                }
            } catch (Exception ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
   }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        WorkThread w = new WorkThread();
        PrintThread p = new PrintThread();
        //w.start();
        p.start();
    }
}

输出如下：

package com.yutian.java1;

public class StrongReferenceTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer ("Hello,Dreams");
        StringBuffer str1 = str;

        str = null;
        System.gc();

        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        System.out.println(str1);
    }
}

StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer ("Hello,Dreams");

局部变量str指向stringBuffer实例所在堆空间，通过str可以操作该实例，那么str就是StringBuffer实例的强引用

对应内存结构：局部变量表的str指向堆空间的StringBuffer实例

此时,如果再运行一个赋值语句:

StringBuffer str1 = str;

对应内存结构：局部变量表的str和str1指向堆空间的StringBuffer实例

因为str1还指向对象StringBuffer (“Hello,Dreams”)，所以不会被回收。

SoftReference<User> userSoftRef = new SoftReference<User>(new User(1, "songhk"));

package com.yutian.java1;

import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;


public class SoftReferenceTest {
    public static class User {
        public User(int id, String name) {
            this.id = id;
            this.name = name;
        }  

        public int id;
        public String name;

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "[id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "] ";
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建对象，建立软引用
        // SoftReference<User> userSoftRef = new SoftReference<User>(new User(1, "songhk"));
        //上面的一行代码，等价于如下的三行代码
        User u1 = new User(1,"songhk");
        SoftReference<User> userSoftRef = new SoftReference<User>(u1);
        u1 = null;//取消强引用


        //从软引用中重新获得强引用对象
        System.out.println(userSoftRef.get());

        System.gc();
        System.out.println("After GC:");
        // //垃圾回收之后获得软引用中的对象
        System.out.println(userSoftRef.get());//由于堆空间内存足够，所有不会回收软引用的可达对象。
        //
        try {
            //让系统认为内存资源紧张、不够
            byte[] b = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 7];
        } catch (Throwable e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //再次从软引用中获取数据
            System.out.println(userSoftRef.get());//在报OOM之前，垃圾回收器会回收软引用的可达对象。
        }
    }
}

让系统认为内存资源紧张、不够，在VM option 加入

 -Xms10m -Xmx10m

最后，已被回收

弱引用的测试

package com.yutian.java1;

import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;


public class WeakReferenceTest {
    public static class User {
        public User(int id, String name) {
            this.id = id;
            this.name = name;
        }

        public int id;
        public String name;

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "[id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "] ";
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //构造了弱引用
        WeakReference<User> userWeakRef = new WeakReference<User>(new User(1, "songhk"));
        //从弱引用中重新获取对象
        System.out.println(userWeakRef.get());

        System.gc();
        // 不管当前内存空间足够与否，都会回收它的内存
        System.out.println("After GC:");
        //重新尝试从弱引用中获取对象
        System.out.println(userWeakRef.get());
    }
}

GC后，重新尝试从弱引用中获取对象为null。

package com.yutian.java1;

import java.lang.ref.PhantomReference;
import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;

public class PhantomReferenceTest {
    public static PhantomReferenceTest obj;//当前类对象的声明
    static ReferenceQueue<PhantomReferenceTest> phantomQueue = null;//引用队列

    public static class CheckRefQueue extends Thread {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while (true) {
                if (phantomQueue != null) {
                    PhantomReference<PhantomReferenceTest> objt = null;
                    try {
                        objt = (PhantomReference<PhantomReferenceTest>) phantomQueue.remove();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    if (objt != null) {
                        System.out.println("追踪垃圾回收过程：PhantomReferenceTest实例被GC了");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void finalize() throws Throwable { //finalize()方法只能被调用一次！
        super.finalize();
        System.out.println("调用当前类的finalize()方法");
        obj = this;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Thread t = new CheckRefQueue();
        t.setDaemon(true);//设置为守护线程：当程序中没有非守护线程时，守护线程也就执行结束。
        t.start();

        phantomQueue = new ReferenceQueue<PhantomReferenceTest>();
        obj = new PhantomReferenceTest();
        //构造了 PhantomReferenceTest 对象的虚引用，并指定了引用队列
        PhantomReference<PhantomReferenceTest> phantomRef = new PhantomReference<PhantomReferenceTest>(obj, phantomQueue);

        try {
            //不可获取虚引用中的对象
            System.out.println(phantomRef.get());

            //将强引用去除
            obj = null;
            //第一次进行GC,由于对象可复活，GC无法回收该对象
            System.gc();
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            if (obj == null) {
                System.out.println("obj 是 null");
            } else {
                System.out.println("obj 可用");
            }
            System.out.println("第 2 次 gc");
            obj = null;
            System.gc(); //一旦将obj对象回收，就会将此虚引用存放到引用队列中。
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            if (obj == null) {
                System.out.println("obj 是 null");
            } else {
                System.out.println("obj 可用");
            }
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}